Do We Really Need National Anthems Before Hockey Games Anymore?

Written by 

So it's hockey playoff time again, and if you're a Canadian like me who grew up playing the game and martin-hanzal-590x413watching the playoffs like a fiend every spring, it's an exciting time. Especially the first round. Eight series happening at once, with live updates constantly coming in from other games ("let's see what's happening in Pittsburgh Jim"), and plenty of sudden death overtime, one of the greatest moments in sports. And there's nothing better than when the game you were watching finishes, and the broadcast joins another later game still in progress. Keep it comin. Everybody's playing at their highest level, emotions are high, stakes are high, elbows are high, and every once in a while the gloves fly off in the heat of battle and a couple of guys try and pound each other's faces to a pulp. Ahhh, it's glorious.

The day before the playoffs began the Vancouver Sun posted a question on their Facebook page about the relevance of national anthems before hockey games. "Should we still be doing this?" they asked. "Is it time for the national anthems to go?". The first few commenters said get rid of them (which is a view I'll partially defend o_canada_17in a moment). So as I scrolled down the comments I thought that this was going to be a whitewash, people were ready to let the anthems go. But then boom, like a mid-ice hit you didn't see coming, an explosion of support for the anthems erupted. When I left the thread it was at a hundred comments and 98% were in vehement defense of the anthems. I was surprised by this outpouring. People are apparently quite attached to these anthems.

And I can understand this. One of my deepest, most vivid memories as a kid was singing the national anthem in my elementary school gym with the whole school in attendance. There was something so emotional about this collective experience. And I used to pretend in my little imagination that I was standing out there on the blue line, getting ready to play the big game. I'd even move my feet back and forth a little bit, like the players often did as they stood there on the ice. Later, when I would attend live NHL hockey games, I was thrilled by the electric spectacle of making a ruckus in unison with 18,000 other people.

And this collective aspect is surely one of the reasons we love singing the national anthems before the game. As professor Robert Harrison notes in his Entitled Opinions podcast on Crowds, "We don't go to sports shows for nothing. It's in order to feel that sense of energy that can only come from the density of numbers". The philosophers Hubert Dreyfuss and Sean Kelly made a similar point in their recent book All Things Shining: Reading the Western Classsics to Find Meaning in a Secular Age, going so far as to p1_mariuccicompare collective experience at sporting events with religious experience, and arguing that sports has now "risen up to fill a spiritual void". Here's NY Times columnist David Brooks in his review of the book

Spiritually unmoored, many people nonetheless experience intense elevation during the magical moments that sport often affords. Dreyfus and Kelly mention the mood that swept through the crowd at Yankee Stadium when Lou Gehrig delivered his “Luckiest Man Alive” speech, or the mood that swept through Wimbledon as Roger Federer completed one of his greatest matches. The most real things in life, they write, well up and take us over. They call this experience “whooshing up.” We get whooshed up at a sports arena, at a political rally or even at magical moments while woodworking or walking through nature.

Alright, so we love the 'whoosing' of the collective event. I agree, it's marvelous, and not only in that setting. I'll never forget singing along with 16,000 other people to Pearl Jam's Even Flow, like one giant, heaving throat. What a powerful and beatific thing. So what's wrong with singing the national anthems together then? Well, here's my two arguments against it (and then I'll suggest a possible solution). First of all, the players in the league have become so international by this point, that it seams kind of weird watching them stand there and listen to this foreign national patriotism_and_sportsanthem. It seems odd and out of place, anachronistic even.

And secondly, this spectacle of the national anthem promotes a certain patriotic, nationalistic and even militaristic mentality that I just can't support. As I was thinking about writing this piece, I didn't know when the tradition of singing the national anthems before games started, but I guessed that it was during World War II. And of course, it was. It started during baseball games and was adopted in all other sports. I have no problem with being proud of my country, even loving it deeply, but I think we need to be careful with what gets cooked up in that pre-game space. I love a little tribalism, but does it have to be a tribalism identified with the nation-state, an identity that can be (and has been) so easily manipulated for other purposes by governments and ruling powers?

Well maybe there's another option. I was discussing this piece over a bowl of noodles the other day with my colleague Br. Chris, and he may have provided an excellent solution. He tells me that in the US college football teams have "fight songs" that are performed by marching bands before the game. Apparently it's a rather enjoyably raucous hoo hah that gets the crowd very fired up. So it doesn't always have to include marching bands, but what about making special songs to be played before the game, incorporating elements of spectacle and crowd participation. Maybe this way the tribalism can be more local, more immediate, about the people of the city coming together for their team, allowing players and fans alike to be incorporated into the collective ritual. Can you imagine a massive rendition of AC/DC's Thunderstruck with taiko drummers at the four corners of the rink?! That could be pretty epic, and the possibilities are endless.

So for sports fans out there, and hockey fans in particular, what do you think, do we need the national anthems any more? Are you for or against and why? And what about changing the anthems to a local fight song?

Related items

Join the Discussion

Commenting Policy

Beams and Struts employs commenting guidelines that we expect all readers to bear in mind when commenting at the site. Please take a moment to read them before posting - Beams and Struts Commenting Policy

7 comments

  • Comment Link Trevor Malkinson Sunday, 15 April 2012 20:28 posted by Trevor Malkinson

    I found this video of some kind of junior hockey game, where the announcer says there'll be no national anthem that day, so the crowd goes ahead and spontaneously sings it anyway. but the question still remains, is it the anthems we're drawn to sing, or is it this collective practice in general that we love?

    Spontaneous National Anthem Erupts at Hockey Game- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSd9P_ExwIU

  • Comment Link Andrew Baxter Wednesday, 18 April 2012 15:03 posted by Andrew Baxter

    I, for one, would like to see an end to the singing of national anthems, period.

    Although I do acknowledge the camaraderie and sense of belonging that a good 'fight song' can bring to a group of human beings, national anthems represent everything that is wrong with the nation-states they represent: unthinking loyalty to abstract human institutions, martial pride, and obedience.

    "Ladies and gentlemen, we would ask that at this time you all rise and remove your hats for the singing of a song in honor of the brother (and sister)hood of all human beings under the same sky as one and undivided by arbitrary lines on a map or meaningless ideological differences."

    Now that's something I might actually consider paying attention to.

  • Comment Link David Marshall Friday, 20 April 2012 04:38 posted by David Marshall

    Hey, guys. Interesting subject, and nice blog, Andrew.

    It's funny you mention this in the context of hockey. There was a change in this regard sometime during the Reagan administration, in Chicago at least. Before then at Hawks games people would sing the national anthem but not that loudly or raucously. But at some point during the Reagan administration, perhaps as a response to Vietnam and the liberalism of the 60s and 70s, the national anthem became a real event—people would really sing and cheer.

    Not sure how that fits in, but I just thought I would share it. It sometimes made me feel a bit uneasy in stadiums and gave me the impression I was in the midst of a mob, even though the anthems can be quite beautiful if sung by the right person. Chicago actually had one of the best national-anthem singers in Wayne Messmer, at least until he got shot in the throat in 1994.

    At Wrigley Field, where Messmer also sang and still sings, it had a more open feel, more like music in the sun, but at the old Chicago Stadium, which could get so loud, it had a different vibe. It might have had something to do with the nature of the sport and crowd, too.

    In any case, I can be troubled by it when it seems like people are nationalistic and nothing else, but at the same time nationalism still needs to play some role in our thinking, it seems to me, integrally speaking. Like we have to take a certain responsibility for ourselves (if we don't, probably no one else will, at least in the same way) citizens of a country need to take responsibility for their country for the same reason. And the national anthem is one of the things that creates that bond and unity, though of course there can be a downside to that as well.

    Trevor, interesting video. One thing that comes to mind is that the singers sound like they’re pretty young. When people pass through Susanne Cooke Greuter's "Conformist/Diplomat" stage, or Amber, they tend to be interested in belonging to a group, and this seems to be when national identity comes in. Here is one quotation:

    "Conformists seek acceptance and protection by a larger entity. They are most apt to be drawn into organizations with clearly defined identities and hierarchical structures." (From "Nine Levels of Increasing Embrace")

    http://www.cook-greuter.com/

    So maybe those national anthems can play some role in individual development as well, though, again, there can be downsides as well.

  • Comment Link David Marshall Friday, 20 April 2012 04:49 posted by David Marshall

    Oh, check this out. Here is Wayne Messmer singing the American national anthem at the Chicago Stadium in 1991 at the NHL All Star Game, during the Gulf War. Wayne could really light up the house.

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvpxVE_kQXg

  • Comment Link James Barrow Friday, 20 April 2012 12:19 posted by James Barrow

    Hi Trevor
    "Can you imagine a massive rendition of AC/DC's Thunderstruck with taiko drummers at the four corners of the rink?"
    Oh yes I can
    !
    Being a Taiko drummer myself I've actually done that at our (Wales') national stadium before a rugby game, Wales vs Japan. (But no, not with ACDC playing, more's the pity!)
    http://www.taikowest.com/content/uploads/2012/01/BEST-OSPREYS-BANNER-REAL-JPEG1.jpg

    I grew up in the industrial south wales mining communty and I still retain a tangible felt sense of how the closeness of that community nurtured and supported me in my early years. It was a tough time for poeple like my father working, or trying to find work, in the area. When Thatcher came along later and ripped the heart out of it by unnecessarily closing the mines (don't get me started) that community feeling was severely diminished (but thankfully not completely destroyed.)
    One of the few areas of Welsh success in the early 70s was that Wales had the best rugby team in the world at that tim, so while we were taking an economic and social beating in many aspects, sport /rugby was one area where we were actually world beaters and was a source of much pride. The importance that rugby held for many welsh people permeated much of the culture and daily life - shops closed on interational rugby match days on a regular basis so that staff could wacth it on tv!

    So when I see/hear the Welsh National anthem sung at full voice like this:
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqtIlaHIqrs

    I am immediately brought back to feeling the value of having been brought up by and within a close knit community. It feels extremely life-supporting to me.

  • Comment Link Trevor Malkinson Sunday, 22 April 2012 23:21 posted by Trevor Malkinson

    Hey all, good discussion here, nice to get an opening to jump in.

    David, I like what you say about recognizing the "Conformist/Diplomat" stage of development, and our need to belong to groups especially in this time. I remember it distinctly, and probably barely escaped my late teen years without a giant tattoo of the Canadian flag somewhere on my body. :)

    But what I would like to see is more space to explore the collective experience outside of just the 'nationalist' context. I agree that nationalism and what it brings has positive dimensions that need to be upheld or integrated. But it already gets a lot of space in our cultures. In national holidays for instance, in flags and other regalia, and in international sporting contests (such as the Olympics). So I think there's already a fair bit of room for that in many or most nation states.

    My concern is when the nation state gets to dominate this local (non inter-national) sporting space too. I think Andrew eloquently expresses the negatives/dark side of this orientation:

    "national anthems represent everything that is wrong with the nation-states they represent: unthinking loyalty to abstract human institutions, martial pride, and obedience".

    And as you rightly point out (vis a vis the video I linked to), the group dynamic has a particularly strong pull for young people, especially males. So do we really want to leave this potent sporting context to cook up nationalistic pride in our young males? I don't know, sounds like an experience that can be easily exploited for impure ends, as it has so many times before. Here's an interesting passage from Isaiah Berlin's essay 'Nationalism':

    "The nation is, of course, not the only focus of such [collective self] worship. Similar language and rhetoric have historically been used in identifying the true interests of the individual with those of his church, his culture, his caste, his class, his party; sometimes they have come into conflict. But the most powerful appeal to all these centers of devotion and self-identification has historically been the nation state. The revelation of its hold on its citizens in 1914, when it proved much stronger than class solidarity of the international working-class movement, exhibited this truth in a peculiarly devastating and tragic fashion".

    As Berlin points out and history makes obvious, a lot of blood has been spilled in the modern era over nationalism. So what I would like to see is a re-appropriation of the sporting event space so that we can explore other spheres of collectivization, such as the local city or town. Other ways to experience the magic of being together in a human collective, one that doesn't necessarily fuse that experience and identification with the national. So that's some of my thoughts there. And btw, Wayne Messmer kicks some serious ass. I remember him from my youth big time, the Chicago pre-game anthem space was always one of the most potent and exciting going. And thanks for offering that cultural analysis to that whole period David, very interesting.

    James, I really loved hearing your story, very interesting and moving. And I'd never want to take that away from you. However, hopefully I've left that national space open with my caveat above; it sounds like the rugby was an international competition, so I think that's a very appropriate time to experience the collective at that scale. And your story shows how deeply powerful these things can be for bringing us together. And I love that you're a taiko drummer; that seems like it would be a whole heap of fun.

    Andrew, loved this passage:

    "Ladies and gentlemen, we would ask that at this time you all rise and remove your hats for the singing of a song in honor of the brother (and sister)hood of all human beings under the same sky as one and undivided by arbitrary lines on a map or meaningless ideological differences."


    I'd tip my hat to that for sure.

  • Comment Link David Marshall Tuesday, 24 April 2012 06:57 posted by David Marshall

    James, great links. Very moving anthem.

    Trevor, those are great points. Yes, nationalism can be as divisive as it can bring people together, can't it. I also don't particularly like how it can enter into sports and create divisiveness.

    Sports can often cause a regression in this way. I've heard of a number of cases where a Dodgers fan gets beaten up in San Francisco or Raiders fans fighting with 49ers fans, etc. And of course the feuding in European soccer is quite well-known. The whole experience seems to have the potential of causing a big tribalistic or nationalistic regression.

    Other times it's occurred to me that international sporting events might allow people of different nations to exercise some of their rivalries in a relatively non-violent way--sporting competitions rather than military competitions.

    But at the same time it does seem to have the potential of cementing these differences and institutionalizing these differences, through repetitive habit and reinforcement.

    It's good to cultivate some awareness of these things, isn't it. Over time I've felt myself taking a more neutral stance in sporting events, more like witnessing the whole spectacle, including within myself. I still often have preferences for one side, but I can't get quite as lost in those preferences as I did before.

    Yes, I think the collective experience outside these nationalistic contexts needs to be explored more as well. We'll probably have some opportunities for that during the Summer Games in London.

Login to post comments

Search Beams

Most Popular Discussions